Original Articles
Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026)
https://doi.org/10.4081/pjm.2026.589

Serum endocan level as a predictor of chorioamnionitis among pregnant women with preterm premature rupture of fetal membranes at Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Nigeria

Publisher's note
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.
Published: 4 June 2026
0
Views
0
Downloads
PPROM, chorioamnionitis, inflammatory biomarkers, serum endocan

Authors

Jawhara Shehu Galadanci
https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3698-0606
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria.
Ayyuba Rabiu
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria.
Murtala Yusuf
murtalayusuf22@yahoo.com
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria.

Chorioamnionitis is associated with maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Inflammatory biomarkers such as endocan are said to be increased in chorioamnionitis. This study aimed to determine the predictive value of serum endocan as a biomarker for chorioamnionitis among pregnant women.

A prospective longitudinal study conducted in Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital. Ninety-five pregnant women with Preterm Premature Rupture of Fetal Membranes (PPROM) were recruited for the study. The serum endocan level of each participant was assessed on admission and analysed. The women were followed up to delivery and monitored for clinical signs of chorioamnionitis. At delivery, another sample was taken to assess the serum endocan level. Data was collected and analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23. Data were expressed as frequencies and percentages for qualitative variables. The quantitative variables underwent normality testing using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Student T test was used to compare continuous variables, and Chi-square test/Fisher’s exact test was used to compare categorical variables, and p<0.05 was considered statistically significant.

The incidence of histological chorioamnionitis in pregnant women with PPROM in AKTH was found to be 38%. The median serum endocan levels were found to be higher in pregnant women with PPROM and histological chorioamnionitis than those with PPROM only, but there was no statistically significant difference (p=0.582).

The findings have shown that serum endocan is not a good biomarker for detecting chorioamnionitis in pregnant women with PPROM.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Citations

Crossref
Scopus
Google Scholar
Europe PMC
1. Adamou N, Muhammad ID, Umar UA. Pre-labor rupture of membrane in Aminu Kano teaching hospital: a 2-year review. Niger J Basic Clin Sci 2019;16:99-102.
2. Adewole Nd A, Tom-George G, Adebayo FO, et al. Feto-maternal outcome of premature rupture of fetal membranes at a tertiary hospital: a 5-year study. J Med Dent Sci 2021;20:47-52.
3. Lee SM, Park KH, Jung EY, et al. Inflammatory proteins in maternal plasma, cervicovaginal and amniotic fluids as predictors of intra-amniotic infection in preterm premature rupture of membranes. PLOS ONE 2018;13:1-12.
4. Tiruye G, Shiferaw K, Tura AK, et al. Prevalence of premature rupture of membrane and its associated factors among pregnant women in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. SAGE Open Med 2021;9:1-9.
5. Emechebe CI, Njoku CO, Anachuma K, Odofa U. Determinants and complications of pre-labour rupture of membranes (PROM) at the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital (UCTH), Calabar Nigeria. Sch J Appl Med Sci 2015;3:1912-7.
6. Ovayolu A, Ovayolu G, Karaman E, et al. Maternal serum endocan concentrations are elevated in patients with preterm premature rupture of membranes. J Perinat Med 2019;47:510-5.
7. Pisoh DW, Mbia CH, Takang WA, et al. Prevalence, risk factors and outcome of preterm premature rupture of membranes at the Bamenda Regional Hospital. Open J Obstet Gynecol 2021;11:233-51.
8. Zaidi H, Lamalmi N, Lahlou L, et al. Clinical predictive factors of histological chorioamnionitis: case-control study. Heliyon 2020;6:1-6.
9. Eleje GU, Ukah CO, Onyiaorah IV, et al. Diagnostic value of Chorioquick for detecting chorioamnionitis in women with premature rupture of membranes. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2020;149:98-105.
10. Stepan M, Cobo T, Musilova I, et al. Maternal serum C-reactive protein in women with preterm prelabor rupture of membranes. PLOS ONE 2016;11:1-16.
11. Balciuniene G, Gulbiniene V, Dumalakiene I, et al. Prognostic markers for chorioamnionitis: IL-6, TNF-α, and MMP-8 in vaginally obtained amniotic fluid. J Clin Med 2021;10:1136-46.
12. İflazoğlu N, Eroğlu H, Tolunay HE, Yücel A. Comparison of the maternal serum endocan levels in preterm premature rupture of membrane and normal pregnancy. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2021;47:3151-8.
13. Etyang AK, Omuse G, Mukaindo AM, Temmerman M. Maternal inflammatory markers for chorioamnionitis in preterm prelabour rupture of membranes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of diagnostic test accuracy studies. Syst Rev 2020;9:141-55.
14. Kayem G, Batteux F, Girard N, et al. Predictive value of vaginal IL-6 and TNFα bedside tests repeated until delivery for the prediction of maternal-fetal infection in cases of premature rupture of membranes. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2017;211:8-14.
15. Adekola H, Romero R, Chaemsaithong P, et al. Endocan, a putative endothelial cell marker, is elevated in preeclampsia, decreased in acute pyelonephritis, and unchanged in other obstetrical syndromes. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2015;28:1621-32.
16. Wang HZ, Jin Y, Wang P, et al. Alteration of serum endocan in normal pregnancy and preeclampsia. Clin Exp Obstet Gynecol 2017;44:419-22.
17. Szpera-Gozdziewicz A, Kosicka K, Gozdziewicz T, et al. Maternal serum endocan concentration in pregnancies complicated by intrauterine growth restriction. Reprod Sci 2019;26:370-6.
18. Güralp O, Acikgöz S, Tüten N, et al. Evaluation of serum endocan levels in endometriosis: a case-control study. Clin Ter 2020;171:517-22.
19. Menon R, Richardson LS. Preterm prelabor rupture of the membranes: a disease of the fetal membranes. Semin Perinatol 2017;41:409-19.
20. Assefa NE, Berhe H, Girma F, et al. Risk factors of premature rupture of membranes in public hospitals at Mekele city, Tigray, a case control study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2018;18:386-93.
21. Smith EJ, Muller CL, Sartorius JA, et al. C-reactive protein as a predictor of chorioamnionitis. J Am Osteopath Assoc 2012;112:660-4.
22. Kim SA, Park KH, Lee SM. Non-invasive prediction of histologic chorioamnionitis in women with preterm premature rupture of membranes. Yonsei Med J 2016;57:461-8.
23. Ocheke A, Ocheke I, Agaba P, et al. Maternal and neonatal outcomes of histological chorioamnionitis. J West Afr Coll Surg 2016;6:1-14.
24. Zhuang L, Li Z-K, Zhu Y-F, et al. The correlation between prelabour rupture of the membranes and neonatal infectious diseases, and the evaluation of guideline implementation in China: a multi-centre prospective cohort study. The Lancet Regional Health Western Pacific 2020;3:1-10.
25. Hincu M-A, Zonda G-I, Stanciu GD, et al. Relevance of biomarkers currently in use or research for practical diagnosis approach of neonatal early-onset sepsis. Children (Basel) 2020;7:309-34.
26. Kong X, Jiang L, Zhang B, et al. Predicting chorioamnionitis in patients with preterm premature rupture of membranesusing inflammatory indexes: a retrospective study. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2022;62:112-8.
27. Torricelli M, Voltolini C, Conti N, et al. Histological chorioamnionitis at term: implication for the progress of labour and neonatal wellbeing. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2013;26:188-92.
Jawhara Shehu Galadanci, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano

Consultant, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria

Ayyuba Rabiu, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano

Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Bayero University Kano, Nigeria

How to Cite



“Serum Endocan Level As a Predictor of Chorioamnionitis Among Pregnant Women With Preterm Premature Rupture of Fetal Membranes at Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Nigeria”. 2026. Pyramid Journal of Medicine 9 (1). https://doi.org/10.4081/pjm.2026.589.
Copyright (c) 2026 the Author(s) Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.